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In an effort to track plant development, prior to Visual Bud (the
point when the last leaves have unfolded, and the first buds become visible)
it is necessary to count the leaves. If you know the total number of leaves on a
plant, you can average the number of leaves you need to unfold a day, to
determine if you are on schedule. While it may sound complicated at first, you
will see it is really quite simple.
Not all factors that influence the number of leaves on a lily are fully understood. We do know that maturity and vernalization (Cooling)
play a very important part. When counting leaves you should consider that all
lilies purchased from different sources, or coolers may have a different leaf
count. You should try to keep these separated, and do an individual leaf count
on each lot.
- Record the average date of stem emergence
- After bud initiation (when the lily stems are about 5-7 inches tall)
the leaves have all formed and are ready to be counted. Select at least two average
lilies from each bulb source or different cooling facility.
- Cut the stem off at pot level and move to a well-lighted area. Now you can
begin to count, and record, the number of leaves on each stem. It will be
necessary to remove the leaves from the stem to do this. Count all leaves
including the ones at the growing point. (You will need a straight pin or
large needle and a magnifying glass to do this.) The embryo-like flower
buds should be present, if not you will need to wait a week before you try
to count leaves again. The lilies will grow and it will be easier to see the
flower buds.
- Average the number of leaves per stem, in each lot. (If you count two
stems per lot, you would add the total number of leaves from the two stems,
and divide by the number of stems counted, to obtain the average number of
leaves per stem.)
- Find two or more average lilies from each lot; count and
mark the leaves that have unfolded to a 45° angle. Calculate the average
number of leaves on these plants; (record this number, as you will need
it later). Mark these plants so you don't have to count all the
leaves every week, I have seen many ways to mark then from wire rings about
2-3" in diameter placed on the top of the counted leaves, to marking
them with a felt pen.
- Subtract the average determined in step 5, from the average determined in
step 4, this will determine the number of leaves left to unfold.
- Now you need to determine the preferred visible bud date. It takes 30-35
days to open a flower from visible bud. If you want the flowers
to open on Palm Sunday you would subtract 30-35 days from Palm Sunday, this
would be the date you want visible bud to occur.
- Divide the number of leaves unfolded, by the number of days from emergence
(step 1). This will tell how many leaves per day you have been unfolding
under your past temperatures.
- Count the days left to visible bud date (step 7).
- Divide the number of leaves left to unfold, by the number of days until
visible bud (step 7). This tells you how many leaves you must unfold each
day until visible bud. Compare this number to the leaves per day determined
in (step 8) which should be between 1 and 2 leaves per day. You may need to
adjust forcing temperatures accordingly to unfold the correct number of
leaves per day.
- Continue to determine how many leaves per day you are unfolding. Each
week, continue to count the new leaves on the plants you marked earlier in
(step5) to a 45° angle. Add the leaves together by lot, divide this number
by the number of lilies counted in the lot. Divide this number by the number
of days in the previous week. This will tell you how many leaves per day you
have unfolded since last counting. Compare this to (step10), hopefully they
are close if not you will have to adjust the temperature accordingly.
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